☆ Nickel is a silver-white ferromagnetic metal and the main component of many magnetic materials.
☆ Nickel also has good oxidation resistance and strong corrosion resistance.
Nickel is a silver-white ferromagnetic metal. Density 8.9 g / cm3, melting point 1455 ℃.
Ancient Egyptians, Chinese and Babylonians used meteorite with high nickel content as artifacts. It can be said that nickel is a metal that is both "old" and "young".
Nickel is magnetic and is the main component of many magnetic materials.
Nickel also has good oxidation resistance. In the air, a NiO film is formed on the nickel surface to prevent further oxidation.
Experiments have shown that nickel with a purity of 99% will not rust within 20 years. Nickel has strong corrosion resistance, especially for caustic alkali. The corrosion rate of nickel in a 50% boiling solution does not exceed 25 microns per year.
Nickel also has good strength and plasticity, and can withstand various pressure processing.
Lecture 2: The Use of Nickel
☆ Nickel is widely used to manufacture various types of stainless steel, soft magnetic alloy and alloy structural steel.
☆ Nickel is the main material for the production of nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen batteries and nickel mesh.
☆ Nickel is also widely used in electroplating and catalyst production.
Nickel is widely used to manufacture various types of stainless steel and soft magnetic alloys (can be simply understood as: magnetic alloys that are easily magnetized under the action of an external magnetic field, and the magnetic induction strength (magnetic induction) basically disappears after the external magnetic field is removed. It is nickel iron soft magnetic alloy.) And alloy structural steel.
Nickel and chromium, copper, aluminum, cobalt and other elements can be composed of heat-resistant alloys, electrical alloys and corrosion-resistant alloys.
Nickel-chromium alloy (such as Ni-Cr20) has high heat resistance and large resistance. The thermoelectric body (resistance wire) made of it can be used as an electric heating element for electric furnaces, electric irons, electric irons, etc., at 1100 ℃ Under long-term work; although Ni-Cr9 and Ni-Cr10 have slightly poor heat resistance, they have large resistance, small temperature coefficient of resistance, and large thermoelectric potential, making them good materials for thermocouples.
Nickel-based heat-resistant alloys are mainly used for turbine engine turbine disks, combustion chambers and turbine blades. The famous "Monel" alloy is a corrosion-resistant nickel alloy containing copper, iron, and manganese. It has high strength, good plasticity, and corrosion resistance. It has become an important material in the manufacturing of electrical appliances, marine vessels, and medical devices.
The new orthodontic alloy-China Titanium Nickel Beijing Nonferrous Metal Research Institute has successfully developed a titanium nickel alloy with super elasticity and shape memory effect, which is an ideal orthodontic material. Orthodontics is achieved by using the rebound characteristics of metal.
Nickel-silicon alloys are often made into wires, tapes, and rods for electronic tubes and electric vacuum instruments.
Nickel iron and nickel-cobalt alloys are good magnetic materials. Nickel is the main material for the production of nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen batteries and nickel mesh. At the same time, nickel is also widely used in electroplating and catalyst production.
Lecture 3 Brief Introduction to Several Methods of Making Metal Nickel
☆ Electrolysis Method ☆ Chemical Method ☆ Hydrogen Reduction Method
① Electrolysis method. The enriched sulfide ore is roasted into oxides, reduced to crude nickel with carbon, and then pure metal nickel is obtained by electrolysis.
②Chemical method. The nickel sulfide ore reacts with carbon monoxide to form four, which is decomposed after heating to obtain a highly pure metallic nickel.
③ Hydrogen reduction method. Reduction of nickel oxide with hydrogen can obtain metallic nickel
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