Research Progress Of Titanium-based Hydrogen Storage Materials

Based on the low equilibrium pressure of hydrogen adsorption of pure titanium and TiZr series, strong helium fixation ability, stable chemical properties and high safety of the formed hydride, it can be used for long-term storage of hydrogen. The key problem to be solved is to reduce Retention capacity; based on the high equilibrium pressure of desorption hydrogen of TiFe system and TiMn system, it can be developed and researched for hydrogen storage and pumping in the production process. The key problem to be solved is to realize the repeated recycling of materials and reduce costs.

 In order to solve the above problems, the current research direction is mainly element substitution. It is hoped that through the research of ternary or even multi-alloying, the hydrogen absorption and desorption and comprehensive properties of multi-component alloys will be breakthrough.

 1. Pure titanium

 Compared with other materials, titanium has very superior performance in storing hydrogen. First, titanium has the advantage of rapidly adsorbing and desorbing hydrogen. In addition, the equilibrium pressure for hydrogen adsorption of titanium at room temperature (25°C) is 10-8 Pa, and the low adsorption equilibrium pressure reduces the loss of hydrogen; secondly, in terms of safety, Titanium-hydrogen compounds are very stable, easy to handle even when exposed to air at room temperature, and hydrogen will not be released unless high temperature is applied; finally, titanium is a low-cost metal, and titanium is abundant in natural resources. The content in the earth's crust is 5 times that of iron and 100 times that of copper. The main disadvantage of titanium hydrogen storage is that the desorption temperature of titanium hydride is too high and the retention is large. In order to reach the equilibrium hydrogen pressure of 100kPa, it must be heated to a temperature near 800°C.

 2. TiFe system

 TiFe alloy is a kind of hydrogen storage material with good performance, and it is also a typical AB type hydrogen storage alloy. In 1974, it was discovered by Reilly and Wiswall in the United States. As a hydrogen storage material, TiFe alloy has been gradually studied. The staff attaches great importance to it and has done a lot of research.

After activation, the TiFe-based alloy has better hydrogen absorption and desorption performance, and its adsorption and desorption capacity for hydrogen is relatively large, and the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity is up to (mass fraction), and its adsorption equilibrium hydrogen pressure at room temperature is 300kPa. TiFe-based alloys have many advantages as hydrogen storage materials, but there are also some problems: 1) activation is difficult; 2) the retention capacity is large.

3. TiZr series

Zr and Ti belong to the group IVB metal elements. Similar to Ti, Zr is also a metal material with high hydrogen absorption density. Studies have shown that a suitable Ti/Zr ratio can improve the properties of the alloy; in addition, adding the third component metal M (where M is Co, Cr, V, Fe, etc.) can also improve the hydrogen storage performance of TiZr. Studies have shown that TiZrV has good hydrogen absorption properties and has a wide range of applications in the fields of hydrogen and its isotope storage and purification. Outlook.